Category guide · Terminals
terminal multiplexers for ai coding agents
TL;DR
Terminal multiplexers like tmux, Zellij and WezTerm solve layout: many panes in one window, tabs, and sessions that keep running when you disconnect. They don't know which pane is an agent, which branch it's on, or what it changed.
That's fine for one or two agents. Past that, people add an agent-aware layer: Herdr and cmux are terminals built for agents, and Claude Squad and Sidecar run on top of tmux.
Pane replaces the multiplexer for agent work, with a terminal, worktree and diff per agent, natively on Windows too.
What multiplexers actually do
Layout and persistence. Not branches, not diffs, not agent status.
A multiplexer splits one terminal window into panes and tabs. tmux and Zellij also keep the whole arrangement running on the machine after you close the window or drop your SSH connection, so you can attach again later. They're excellent at that, and they stay useful whatever else you adopt.
What they don't know is what's running in each pane. To tmux, an agent halfway through a refactor looks the same as a build or an idle shell.
The same layout, four different tools
Splitting, switching and saving a layout: same problem, four sets of keys.
$tmux new -s work$Ctrl-b % # split side by side$Ctrl-b " # split top and bottom$Ctrl-b o # move to the next pane$Ctrl-b d then tmux attach -t work # detach, come back laterDefault bindings. Most people remap a few of these.
Agent-aware terminals
These know which pane is an agent and whether it needs you. Most also give each task its own worktree.
| Tool | Runs on | Worktree per task | Diff review | Many agents | Open source | No account |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Herdrterminal tool · Agent-aware terminal multiplexer; agents keep running when you disconnect. | WinMacLinux | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| cmuxterminal tool · Native Mac terminal with a sidebar that shows which agent needs you. | WinMacLinux | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Claude Squadterminal tool · Keyboard-driven list of agents, each in a tmux session and worktree. | WinMacLinux | ✓ | ~ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Sidecarterminal tool · Terminal workspace with live git diffs, worktrees per task, notes and todos. | WinMacLinux | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Panedesktop app · Desktop app with a worktree, real terminal and diff view per agent; runs any CLI agent. | WinMacLinux | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
terminal tool · Agent-aware terminal multiplexer; agents keep running when you disconnect.
terminal tool · Native Mac terminal with a sidebar that shows which agent needs you.
terminal tool · Keyboard-driven list of agents, each in a tmux session and worktree.
Sidecar
terminal tool · Terminal workspace with live git diffs, worktrees per task, notes and todos.
Pane
desktop app · Desktop app with a worktree, real terminal and diff view per agent; runs any CLI agent.
Herdr is a multiplexer rebuilt for agents, with a sidebar showing which agent is working, stuck or done. cmux is a native Mac terminal that lights up the pane waiting for you, though it deliberately leaves out worktrees. Claude Squad and Sidecar run on tmux and add a worktree per task. Warp has gone another way and ships its own agent inside the terminal.
When a multiplexer is enough
- → One agent at a time. Split off a pane for git status and you're set.
- → Remote-only work. SSH in, attach, leave the agents running.
- → Your config is muscle memory. A tool you know beats a better one you don't.
- → Mostly shells, sometimes agents. Agents aren't the main thing you run.
When to move up
Around three parallel agents, the multiplexer starts doing bookkeeping it wasn't built for.
The signs are easy to spot. You type git status in the wrong pane. You forget which agent is halfway through an edit. You start writing a script that creates worktrees and names panes after branches. At that point you're building an agent manager by hand.
Your options are an agent-aware terminal like Herdr, a tmux tool like Claude Squad (see tmux agent managers), or a desktop agent manager like Pane.
On Windows
tmux lives inside WSL. Zellij and Windows Terminal run natively; only Zellij keeps sessions.
tmux is a Unix tool, so on Windows you run it inside WSL, and anything built on it sees only the Linux side. Zellij now runs natively on Windows too, with a Windows build and installer on its releases page. Windows Terminal is a real Windows app with tabs and panes, but there's nothing to detach from: close the window and what was running stops. WezTerm runs on Windows, macOS and Linux and has an optional multiplexer of its own; its last tagged release was in February 2024, though nightly builds and commits continue.
Among agent-aware tools, Herdr and Pane both run natively on Windows. See agent managers for Windows for the full list.
Fuentes
- Qué probamos
- → Herdr, Claude Squad and Sidecar run hands-on in Ubuntu 24.04 on WSL2
- → cmux checked against its docs and release notes (Mac-only)
- → Key bindings checked against each tool's default config
- Correcciones
- Si algo de lo que hay aquí es incorrecto o está desactualizado, avísanos y lo corregiremos y actualizaremos la fecha de arriba. Abre una incidencia en GitHub
- Fuentes
preguntas frecuentes
Por Parsa Khazaeepoul, cofundador de Pane. .